Current location：
metal core welding tips_6013 rod uses
welding rod price list
Exploring the nuances of the welding rod market is essential for both seasoned professionals and new...
...
" title='
'>
" title=''> ...
" title='Choosing the right welding electrode manufacturers can significantly impact the quality and success of industrial and DIY projects alike
. A trusted manufacturer delivers not only top-quality products but also an indispensable partnership grounded in professional expertise, innovation, and reliability. Here, we delve into what sets the best welding electrode manufacturers apart and explore some standout names in the industry, providing you with keen insight into making an informed choice.
'>" title='Choosing the right welding electrode manufacturers can significantly impact the quality and success of industrial and DIY projects alike
. A trusted manufacturer delivers not only top-quality products but also an indispensable partnership grounded in professional expertise, innovation, and reliability. Here, we delve into what sets the best welding electrode manufacturers apart and explore some standout names in the industry, providing you with keen insight into making an informed choice.
'>Choosing the right welding electrode manufacturers can significantly impact the quality and success of industrial and DIY projects alike
. A trusted manufacturer delivers not only top-quality products but also an indispensable partnership grounded in professional expertise, innovation, and reliability. Here, we delve into what sets the best welding electrode manufacturers apart and explore some standout names in the industry, providing you with keen insight into making an informed choice.
...
...
" title=''>" title=''> ...
. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'> . Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>
China's welding electrode industry is characterized by its commitment to high-quality manufacturing standards. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
...
Top Ranking
- 11 8 7018
- " title=''>2
- 3
The Chinese welding industry has undergone remarkable transformation over the years. Today, it leads in manufacturing by integrating modern technologies with classical welding techniques. This evolution is not only a testament to China’s unwavering commitment to quality and performance but also a representation of its adaptability to international standards. The WC Electric Company, for instance, has paved the way with its state-of-the-art production facilities, ensuring their electrodes meet the rigorous demands of diverse industries, from automobile manufacturing to aerospace engineering.
- " title=''>4
- 5
Moreover, China’s welding electrode manufacturers place a high premium on sustainability and environmental responsibility. Regulations and guidelines are strictly followed to minimize environmental impact, with many manufacturers adopting eco-friendly practices such as the recycling of production waste and the use of green energy solutions. This commitment to sustainability not only enhances a manufacturer’s credibility but also aligns with global environmental standards, reinforcing trust among international clients.
- " title=''>6
- 7
Establishing authority in the international welding community, several Chinese enterprises have positioned themselves as key industry players. Companies like Tianjin Golden Bridge Welding Materials Group and Shandong Juli Welding Co., Ltd. have garnered significant market share. These companies emphasize quality control and customer satisfaction, often sharing technical expertise and offering customization options based on specific project requirements. Participation in international welding expos and seminars further cements their authoritative stance.
welding electrodes in china
- " title='
One key aspect setting Chinese welding electrodes apart is the expertise and experience embedded within the manufacturing processes. Companies employ seasoned metallurgists and engineers who bring a wealth of knowledge to the production floor. Their expertise ensures that each batch of electrodes not only meets but often exceeds international standards such as AWS, ISO, and GB/T. This level of professionalism underpins the authoritative status of Chinese welding electrodes in the global market.
'>8One key aspect setting Chinese welding electrodes apart is the expertise and experience embedded within the manufacturing processes. Companies employ seasoned metallurgists and engineers who bring a wealth of knowledge to the production floor. Their expertise ensures that each batch of electrodes not only meets but often exceeds international standards such as AWS, ISO, and GB/T. This level of professionalism underpins the authoritative status of Chinese welding electrodes in the global market.
Netizens pay attention
Looked and looked
- " title=''>
- " title=''>
In conclusion, when seeking a welding electrodes supplier, one must carefully evaluate their experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness. These criteria ensure that the supplier is well-equipped to meet the demands of the industry while nurturing a mutually beneficial relationship with their customers. By prioritizing these attributes, businesses and craftsmen can ensure high-quality welding outcomes, enhanced operational productivity, and a strong competitive edge in the marketplace. Making this choice is not just about securing quality products, but about partnering with a supplier who is dedicated to supporting and advancing your welding endeavors.
- Exploration of the Dual Function of EM12k Wire
- " title='
The world of welding is booming, and China stands at the forefront of this transformative industry, specifically in the realm of welding electrodes. Countless workshops and large industries rely heavily on the precision and durability of Chinese welding electrodes. Our exploration into this fascinating domain will uncover valuable insights about the experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness inherent in Chinese welding electrodes, ensuring that this information serves as a unique beacon for your welding needs.
'>The world of welding is booming, and China stands at the forefront of this transformative industry, specifically in the realm of welding electrodes. Countless workshops and large industries rely heavily on the precision and durability of Chinese welding electrodes. Our exploration into this fascinating domain will uncover valuable insights about the experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness inherent in Chinese welding electrodes, ensuring that this information serves as a unique beacon for your welding needs.
'>In conclusion, China's prowess in the welding electrode sector is a confluence of experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness. As the demand for high-quality welding solutions continues to grow, Chinese manufacturers are poised to lead the charge, offering products that promise excellence and reliability while meeting the multifaceted needs of the global construction and manufacturing industries.
'>In product procurement, it's crucial to consider the logistical advantages that come with sourcing welding electrodes from China. The infrastructure within the country, coupled with its extensive network of ports and trade agreements, facilitates efficient and timely delivery across continents. This logistical efficiency ensures that industries relying on continuous supply chains experience minimal downtime and improved productivity.
Latest tags
Links：
welding rod manufacturing plant costaws 5.1 e7018stainless to mild steel tig rodstainless steel gasless mig welding wirewhich flux core wire to useelectrode rutile 60130.9 flux core mig wire309 stainless flux cored wire6013 electrode usescast iron welding rodmig solid wiree71t gs 0350.35 flux core wire settingswelding rod for stainless to carbon steeler70s 6 shielding gase71 te71t 8 welding wirestainless steel welding rodaws e7018 welding rodem12k welding wire023 flux wire045 dual shield wiree7018 1 specificationss steel welding rod035 gasless flux core wire030 flux core mig wiredifferent welding electrodesflux core wire welding tipswelding wire 30welding rod typesss welding rod codetig steel filler rodflux core wire for mild steelno gas welding wire0.6 flux cored mig wiresolid wire welding gascast iron welding electrode machinableer309l welding wiremig wire with fluxe7018 h4r electrodewelding rod for ms materialeni 55 welding rodstainless stick welding rodwet welding electrodesflux core mig welding wirenickel rod cast iron6011 5 32choosing the right welding rodstick vs flux coremig wire vs flux corewelding cast iron with 7018carbon steel to stainless steel welding rodnr 232 flux coreer309l wirewelding rod used for cast iron7018 rod 3 16what is e6013 used forflux migwhat rod to weld stainless to mild steele308 16 electrodedifference between tig mig and stick weldingbasic welding rodselectrode used for cast iron weldinge71t11 030 10316 stainless steel flux core wiremig welding auto body panels with flux core wire3/32 welding rod 70140.6 mm flux core wirearc welding and mig weldinge347 167018 1 8 rodself shielded welding wireelectrode e309stainless welding rod numbersni 99 tig welding rode71tgs7018 1308h 16 welding rod312 17 welding rod3/32 nickel welding rod
'>" title='
...
" title='
Choosing the right welding electrode manufacturers can significantly impact the quality and success of industrial and DIY projects alike
. A trusted manufacturer delivers not only top-quality products but also an indispensable partnership grounded in professional expertise, innovation, and reliability. Here, we delve into what sets the best welding electrode manufacturers apart and explore some standout names in the industry, providing you with keen insight into making an informed choice.
" title='Choosing the right welding electrode manufacturers can significantly impact the quality and success of industrial and DIY projects alike
. A trusted manufacturer delivers not only top-quality products but also an indispensable partnership grounded in professional expertise, innovation, and reliability. Here, we delve into what sets the best welding electrode manufacturers apart and explore some standout names in the industry, providing you with keen insight into making an informed choice.
Choosing the right welding electrode manufacturers can significantly impact the quality and success of industrial and DIY projects alike
. A trusted manufacturer delivers not only top-quality products but also an indispensable partnership grounded in professional expertise, innovation, and reliability. Here, we delve into what sets the best welding electrode manufacturers apart and explore some standout names in the industry, providing you with keen insight into making an informed choice.
...
...
" title='
'>
" title=''> ...
. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'> . Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>
China's welding electrode industry is characterized by its commitment to high-quality manufacturing standards. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
...
Top Ranking
- 11 8 7018
- " title=''>2
- 3
The Chinese welding industry has undergone remarkable transformation over the years. Today, it leads in manufacturing by integrating modern technologies with classical welding techniques. This evolution is not only a testament to China’s unwavering commitment to quality and performance but also a representation of its adaptability to international standards. The WC Electric Company, for instance, has paved the way with its state-of-the-art production facilities, ensuring their electrodes meet the rigorous demands of diverse industries, from automobile manufacturing to aerospace engineering.
- " title=''>4
- 5
Moreover, China’s welding electrode manufacturers place a high premium on sustainability and environmental responsibility. Regulations and guidelines are strictly followed to minimize environmental impact, with many manufacturers adopting eco-friendly practices such as the recycling of production waste and the use of green energy solutions. This commitment to sustainability not only enhances a manufacturer’s credibility but also aligns with global environmental standards, reinforcing trust among international clients.
- " title=''>6
- 7
Establishing authority in the international welding community, several Chinese enterprises have positioned themselves as key industry players. Companies like Tianjin Golden Bridge Welding Materials Group and Shandong Juli Welding Co., Ltd. have garnered significant market share. These companies emphasize quality control and customer satisfaction, often sharing technical expertise and offering customization options based on specific project requirements. Participation in international welding expos and seminars further cements their authoritative stance.
welding electrodes in china
- " title='
One key aspect setting Chinese welding electrodes apart is the expertise and experience embedded within the manufacturing processes. Companies employ seasoned metallurgists and engineers who bring a wealth of knowledge to the production floor. Their expertise ensures that each batch of electrodes not only meets but often exceeds international standards such as AWS, ISO, and GB/T. This level of professionalism underpins the authoritative status of Chinese welding electrodes in the global market.
'>8One key aspect setting Chinese welding electrodes apart is the expertise and experience embedded within the manufacturing processes. Companies employ seasoned metallurgists and engineers who bring a wealth of knowledge to the production floor. Their expertise ensures that each batch of electrodes not only meets but often exceeds international standards such as AWS, ISO, and GB/T. This level of professionalism underpins the authoritative status of Chinese welding electrodes in the global market.
Netizens pay attention
Looked and looked
- " title=''>
- " title=''>
In conclusion, when seeking a welding electrodes supplier, one must carefully evaluate their experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness. These criteria ensure that the supplier is well-equipped to meet the demands of the industry while nurturing a mutually beneficial relationship with their customers. By prioritizing these attributes, businesses and craftsmen can ensure high-quality welding outcomes, enhanced operational productivity, and a strong competitive edge in the marketplace. Making this choice is not just about securing quality products, but about partnering with a supplier who is dedicated to supporting and advancing your welding endeavors.
- Exploration of the Dual Function of EM12k Wire
- " title='
The world of welding is booming, and China stands at the forefront of this transformative industry, specifically in the realm of welding electrodes. Countless workshops and large industries rely heavily on the precision and durability of Chinese welding electrodes. Our exploration into this fascinating domain will uncover valuable insights about the experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness inherent in Chinese welding electrodes, ensuring that this information serves as a unique beacon for your welding needs.
'>The world of welding is booming, and China stands at the forefront of this transformative industry, specifically in the realm of welding electrodes. Countless workshops and large industries rely heavily on the precision and durability of Chinese welding electrodes. Our exploration into this fascinating domain will uncover valuable insights about the experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness inherent in Chinese welding electrodes, ensuring that this information serves as a unique beacon for your welding needs.
'>In conclusion, China's prowess in the welding electrode sector is a confluence of experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness. As the demand for high-quality welding solutions continues to grow, Chinese manufacturers are poised to lead the charge, offering products that promise excellence and reliability while meeting the multifaceted needs of the global construction and manufacturing industries.
'>In product procurement, it's crucial to consider the logistical advantages that come with sourcing welding electrodes from China. The infrastructure within the country, coupled with its extensive network of ports and trade agreements, facilitates efficient and timely delivery across continents. This logistical efficiency ensures that industries relying on continuous supply chains experience minimal downtime and improved productivity.
Latest tags
Links：
welding rod manufacturing plant costaws 5.1 e7018stainless to mild steel tig rodstainless steel gasless mig welding wirewhich flux core wire to useelectrode rutile 60130.9 flux core mig wire309 stainless flux cored wire6013 electrode usescast iron welding rodmig solid wiree71t gs 0350.35 flux core wire settingswelding rod for stainless to carbon steeler70s 6 shielding gase71 te71t 8 welding wirestainless steel welding rodaws e7018 welding rodem12k welding wire023 flux wire045 dual shield wiree7018 1 specificationss steel welding rod035 gasless flux core wire030 flux core mig wiredifferent welding electrodesflux core wire welding tipswelding wire 30welding rod typesss welding rod codetig steel filler rodflux core wire for mild steelno gas welding wire0.6 flux cored mig wiresolid wire welding gascast iron welding electrode machinableer309l welding wiremig wire with fluxe7018 h4r electrodewelding rod for ms materialeni 55 welding rodstainless stick welding rodwet welding electrodesflux core mig welding wirenickel rod cast iron6011 5 32choosing the right welding rodstick vs flux coremig wire vs flux corewelding cast iron with 7018carbon steel to stainless steel welding rodnr 232 flux coreer309l wirewelding rod used for cast iron7018 rod 3 16what is e6013 used forflux migwhat rod to weld stainless to mild steele308 16 electrodedifference between tig mig and stick weldingbasic welding rodselectrode used for cast iron weldinge71t11 030 10316 stainless steel flux core wiremig welding auto body panels with flux core wire3/32 welding rod 70140.6 mm flux core wirearc welding and mig weldinge347 167018 1 8 rodself shielded welding wireelectrode e309stainless welding rod numbersni 99 tig welding rode71tgs7018 1308h 16 welding rod312 17 welding rod3/32 nickel welding rod
'>. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
...
. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>
'>
'>
. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
'>
China's welding electrode industry is characterized by its commitment to high-quality manufacturing standards. Leading manufacturers employ state-of-the-art technology and stringent quality control measures to ensure their products meet international standards such as AWS, ISO, and TUV certifications. These certifications underscore the expertise and reliability of Chinese welding electrodes. Experienced engineers and technicians in these manufacturing firms bring a wealth of knowledge to the table, further enhancing the credibility and trustworthiness of their products.
...
Top Ranking
- 11 8 7018
- " title=''>2
- 3
The Chinese welding industry has undergone remarkable transformation over the years. Today, it leads in manufacturing by integrating modern technologies with classical welding techniques. This evolution is not only a testament to China’s unwavering commitment to quality and performance but also a representation of its adaptability to international standards. The WC Electric Company, for instance, has paved the way with its state-of-the-art production facilities, ensuring their electrodes meet the rigorous demands of diverse industries, from automobile manufacturing to aerospace engineering.
" title=''>4- 5
Moreover, China’s welding electrode manufacturers place a high premium on sustainability and environmental responsibility. Regulations and guidelines are strictly followed to minimize environmental impact, with many manufacturers adopting eco-friendly practices such as the recycling of production waste and the use of green energy solutions. This commitment to sustainability not only enhances a manufacturer’s credibility but also aligns with global environmental standards, reinforcing trust among international clients.
" title=''>6- 7
Establishing authority in the international welding community, several Chinese enterprises have positioned themselves as key industry players. Companies like Tianjin Golden Bridge Welding Materials Group and Shandong Juli Welding Co., Ltd. have garnered significant market share. These companies emphasize quality control and customer satisfaction, often sharing technical expertise and offering customization options based on specific project requirements. Participation in international welding expos and seminars further cements their authoritative stance.
welding electrodes in china- " title='
One key aspect setting Chinese welding electrodes apart is the expertise and experience embedded within the manufacturing processes. Companies employ seasoned metallurgists and engineers who bring a wealth of knowledge to the production floor. Their expertise ensures that each batch of electrodes not only meets but often exceeds international standards such as AWS, ISO, and GB/T. This level of professionalism underpins the authoritative status of Chinese welding electrodes in the global market.
'>8One key aspect setting Chinese welding electrodes apart is the expertise and experience embedded within the manufacturing processes. Companies employ seasoned metallurgists and engineers who bring a wealth of knowledge to the production floor. Their expertise ensures that each batch of electrodes not only meets but often exceeds international standards such as AWS, ISO, and GB/T. This level of professionalism underpins the authoritative status of Chinese welding electrodes in the global market.
Netizens pay attention
Looked and looked
- " title=''>" title=''>
In conclusion, when seeking a welding electrodes supplier, one must carefully evaluate their experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness. These criteria ensure that the supplier is well-equipped to meet the demands of the industry while nurturing a mutually beneficial relationship with their customers. By prioritizing these attributes, businesses and craftsmen can ensure high-quality welding outcomes, enhanced operational productivity, and a strong competitive edge in the marketplace. Making this choice is not just about securing quality products, but about partnering with a supplier who is dedicated to supporting and advancing your welding endeavors.
- Exploration of the Dual Function of EM12k Wire
- " title='
The world of welding is booming, and China stands at the forefront of this transformative industry, specifically in the realm of welding electrodes. Countless workshops and large industries rely heavily on the precision and durability of Chinese welding electrodes. Our exploration into this fascinating domain will uncover valuable insights about the experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness inherent in Chinese welding electrodes, ensuring that this information serves as a unique beacon for your welding needs.
'>The world of welding is booming, and China stands at the forefront of this transformative industry, specifically in the realm of welding electrodes. Countless workshops and large industries rely heavily on the precision and durability of Chinese welding electrodes. Our exploration into this fascinating domain will uncover valuable insights about the experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness inherent in Chinese welding electrodes, ensuring that this information serves as a unique beacon for your welding needs.
'>In conclusion, China's prowess in the welding electrode sector is a confluence of experience, expertise, authoritativeness, and trustworthiness. As the demand for high-quality welding solutions continues to grow, Chinese manufacturers are poised to lead the charge, offering products that promise excellence and reliability while meeting the multifaceted needs of the global construction and manufacturing industries.
'>In product procurement, it's crucial to consider the logistical advantages that come with sourcing welding electrodes from China. The infrastructure within the country, coupled with its extensive network of ports and trade agreements, facilitates efficient and timely delivery across continents. This logistical efficiency ensures that industries relying on continuous supply chains experience minimal downtime and improved productivity.
Latest tags
Links：
- welding rod manufacturing plant costaws 5.1 e7018stainless to mild steel tig rodstainless steel gasless mig welding wirewhich flux core wire to useelectrode rutile 60130.9 flux core mig wire309 stainless flux cored wire6013 electrode usescast iron welding rodmig solid wiree71t gs 0350.35 flux core wire settingswelding rod for stainless to carbon steeler70s 6 shielding gase71 te71t 8 welding wirestainless steel welding rodaws e7018 welding rodem12k welding wire023 flux wire045 dual shield wiree7018 1 specificationss steel welding rod035 gasless flux core wire030 flux core mig wiredifferent welding electrodesflux core wire welding tipswelding wire 30welding rod typesss welding rod codetig steel filler rodflux core wire for mild steelno gas welding wire0.6 flux cored mig wiresolid wire welding gascast iron welding electrode machinableer309l welding wiremig wire with fluxe7018 h4r electrodewelding rod for ms materialeni 55 welding rodstainless stick welding rodwet welding electrodesflux core mig welding wirenickel rod cast iron6011 5 32choosing the right welding rodstick vs flux coremig wire vs flux corewelding cast iron with 7018carbon steel to stainless steel welding rodnr 232 flux coreer309l wirewelding rod used for cast iron7018 rod 3 16what is e6013 used forflux migwhat rod to weld stainless to mild steele308 16 electrodedifference between tig mig and stick weldingbasic welding rodselectrode used for cast iron weldinge71t11 030 10316 stainless steel flux core wiremig welding auto body panels with flux core wire3/32 welding rod 70140.6 mm flux core wirearc welding and mig weldinge347 167018 1 8 rodself shielded welding wireelectrode e309stainless welding rod numbersni 99 tig welding rode71tgs7018 1308h 16 welding rod312 17 welding rod3/32 nickel welding rod
- 3